Fiqh and Usul

Fiqh and Usul

Master-Seller Sale (Bayʿi Mustarsil): Re-assessing the Nature, Effects, and Relationship to Sales Based on the One Cosignatories

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Nabi Sobhani 1
karim Kukha’izadeh 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Fiqh and Foundations of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
10.22067/jfiqh.2024.87461.1766
Abstract
Jurists have discussed narrations containing the term mustarsil with respect to their implication for the legitimacy of the option of fraud (khiār-i ghabn), yet they have not explored the meaning of this term or its relation to a sale in which one of the contracting parties demands the sale. After presenting the relevant narrations, the study aims to analyze the concept and nature of mustarsil, articulate its ruling, and analyze the relationship between a bay‘i mustarsil (sale involving a mustarsil) and a sale governed by the judgment of one of the contracting parties. Using the descriptive-analytical method, the study concludes in its conceptual analysis that a mustarsil is one who entrusts the pricing of the commodity to the other party. This delegation of price determination does not occur solely prior to the contract, but it may also take place concurrently with the contract or after its conclusion. Consequently, in cases where the price is set after the contract, the transaction qualifies as a form of sale determined by one of the contracting parties, establishing a relationship of partial overlap (general–particular from both sides) between msater-seller sale, and sale based on the judgment of one contracting party. Accordingly, given the validity of master-seller sale, the latter category of sale is also valid in certain instances, and considering such a sale as invalid is restricted to situations in which no criterion for determining the price has been mentioned.
Keywords
mustarsil
master-seller sale (bay‘i mustarsi)l
sale determined by one contracting party
the option of fraud (khiār-i ghabn)
Subjects
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